Gregory (pp. 208-209) describes relationships between bishops and rulers that vary significantly from psyche and from time to time. He depicts a outcome in which individual rulers sought control over Church functions and were fought by bishops firm to preserve the prerogatives of the Church. Some kings gave freely to the Church, as did Clovis and Clothar, creating what Gregory (p. 215) depicts as "a pure and untainted friendship (has been) formed in God's name." He in any case depicts a Church which facilitated relationships between and among kings and helped in facts of life communication and even trade. Kings like Childebert paid regular testimony to the Church (Gregory, pp. 235-236) while others attempted to involve themselves in judicature Church activities. In essence, Gregory's description of a substantial period of history in Western Europe and the land of the Franks
E.H. Zeydel). Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami Press,
An example of Charlemagne's determination to tangency his actions to those of the Church is presented by Einhard (p. 51) in Charlemagne's war against the Saxons. When Charlemagne won this war, one of his conditions of submission was that the Saxons "give up the cult of demons, abandon the ghostlike practices of their ancestors, adopt the sacraments of the Christian faith and religion, and become a hotshot nation with the Franks" (Einhard, p. 51). This is a classic example of eminently possible spirituality.
Charlemagne not only brought masses of new converts to the Church, but as well as gained control over ten thousand Saxons living in territories along the Elbe River. By subduing potential belligerents and securing double submission to his rule and that of a supportive Church, his own position was reinforced. This suggests both an interdependence between Church and monarch and a strong trial of practicality in the political activities of both.
is one of great fluctuations in the grad of cooperation and intimacy between specific rulers and the Church.
Einhard (p. 95) attributes a high take of personal religious belief to Charlemagne, stating that "the king practiced the Christian religion, in which he had been raised since childhood, with the greatest piety and devotion." though he loved capital of Italy and worked to restore its cathedrals and churches, he also recognized that it was Rome which would be able to confer upon him the designation of Emperor and Augustus. Thus, though devout, Charlemagne drew upon the spiritual authority of Rome to
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